Establishing (Un)certainty: Language and Reproducing Suspicion in Forensic Medical Evaluations
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.41698Mots-clés :
forensic medical evaluations, rhetoric, asylum, adjudicationRésumé
Bien qu’il ait été démontré que les évaluations médico-légales contribuent à augmenter les taux d’acceptation des demandes d’asile aux États-Unis, une analyse discursive d’évaluations médico-légales anonymisées révèle une fonction davantage nuancée. Dans la culture méfiante et incrédule qui caractérise les décisions en matière d’asile, les stratégies et figures de réthorique ainsi que l’usage du langage neutre imposé dans les évaluations médico-légales peuvent, par inadvertance, marginaliser, reproduire la méfiance de et introduire l’incertitude en ce qui concerne le témoignage du demandeur ou de la demandeuse. Les évaluations médico-légales peuvent donc être exploitées pour devenir un outil de contrôle étatique sur la vie des personnes qui demandent l’asile en permettant aux juges de l’utiliser comme justification flexible pour appuyer des décisions arbitraires en matière d’asile sous prétexte de preuves médicales.
Statistiques
Références
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